PEER REVIEW : Nitrogen Use Effi ciency of Local and National Aromatic Rice Varieties in Indonesia

Chairunnisak, Chairunnisak PEER REVIEW : Nitrogen Use Effi ciency of Local and National Aromatic Rice Varieties in Indonesia. Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture Bogor Agricultural University. (Unpublished)

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Abstract

Nitrogen use effi ciency (NUE) indicates the ratio between the amount of fertilizer N removed from the fi eld by the crop and the amount of fertilizer N applied. NUE is an important indicator of agro-environment for a sustainable farming, including in rice. The objective of the current study was to evaluate NUE of local and national Indonesian superior aromatic rice varieties treated with diff erent levels of nitrogen fertilizer (N). The experiment was arranged using fi ve levels of N as the main plot, plots, i.e. 0, 45, 90, 135 and and 180 kg.ha-1; and two rice varieties as sub plots, a local Aceh variety “Sigupai” and a national rice variety “Inpari 23 Bantul”. The results showed that the application of N 180 kg.ha-1 to “Sigupai” signifi cantly increased the plant height. However, it caused a delay in the time to fl ower in both varieties. “Inpari 23 Bantul” applied with N 180 kg.ha-1 produced the highest number of tillers. Application of N 90 kg.ha-1 on “Sigupai” variety signifi cantly reduced the number of empty grains. “Sigupai” has a higher proportion of grains per panicle and yield per sampling plot than “Inpari 23 Bantul”, and dosage N 90 kg.ha-1 increased grain yield per clump and yield per sampling plot signifi cantly. Nitrogen at 180 kg.ha-1 increased the N content and absorption N in primordial phase of “Sigupai” variety, and increased N grain content of the “Inpari 23 Bantul” variety. Nitrogen at 90 kg.ha-1 in “Sigupai” had a higher NUE at primordia phase than “Inpari 23 Bantul”. This study showed that local variety “Sigupai” is suitable for growing rice with low nitrogen input. Keywords: Aceh aromatic rice, low input, nitrogen dose, N uptake, Oryza sativa L.

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