Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pinang (Areca catechu, L.)

Putri, Irriwad and Zainal, Putri Wladari (2019) Physical and Mechanical Properties of Pinang (Areca catechu, L.). In: CONFERENCE PROCEEDING 3rd INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SECURITY IN FOOD, RENEWABLE RESOURCES, AND NATURAL MEDICINES 2019 (SFRN 2019). pusat penelitian dan pengabdian pada masyarakat Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Kupang. ISBN 9786025126284

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Abstract

Areca palm (Areca catechu L.) is one type of palm which has many uses, such as for consumption, cosmetics, health, and coloring materials in the textile industry. For processing the areca palm, the farmers need a tool or machine, but to design Areca palm’s tool or machine requires the physical and mechanical properties of the product. This study aims to measure the physical properties of areca nuts, which will be used to design postharvest areca nut processing tools. Measurement of physical properties of the Areca nut such as GMD (Geometric Mean Diameter), sphericity, initial moisture content, the thick of the areca nut (t1,t2, t3, and t4). Measurement of mechanical properties of the Areca nut, such as the force of the areca nut. The researchers took the areca nut from five regions in West Sumatera, Padang, Pasaman, Pasaman Barat, Pesisir Selatan, and Pariaman. Fruits were selected from old areca nut, and skin color is reddish yellow. The physical properties (GMD, sphericity, thickness) have a significant relationship, which is an analysis of variance with sig. < 0.05 while moisture content has not significant (sig. > 0.05). Furthermore, this research has a cumulative probability test with a length range from 42.91 mm to 59 mm of 538 samples. The areca nut which has a thickness around 3.5 mm to 6.7 mm (t1) of 150 samples, 14.025 mm to 21.525 mm (t2) of 73 samples, 3.5 mm to 10 mm (t3) of 122 samples, 7.55 mm to 12.05 mm (t4) of 124 samples.

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